The calculation for the amount of
information in the insulin A and B chain is based strictly on mathematics. No
interpretation is required. The same cannot be said for molecular knowledge. Molecular
knowledge requires finding the minimum information that preserves some functionality.
It is a mistake to calculate the odds for the evolution of insulin
based on the information in insulin. It is extremely important to use the minimum
information that results in a protein with some selective advantage. In other words,
molecular knowledge must be used to calculate the probability associated with a protein
evolving, and molecular knowledge can only be found by using math along with human
insight.
In this chapter, the information in insulin is found to be 189 bits,
and the molecular knowledge is calculated at 127 bits. Figure 4.7 illustrates the steps
that chance must overcome.
Figure 4.7: Molecular Knowledge in Insulin
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