RNA Structure

RNA is very similar to DNA, but it normally does not form the characteristic double helix (twisted ladder). RNA is a mixture of single stranded and double stranded segments (figure 8.7). The 3-D structure is often stabilized by complementary base pairing in short regions (boxes in figure 8.7). RNA uses the base uracil in place of thymine. It also uses ribose instead of deoxyribose (figure 8.6).

Figure 8.5: Detailed DNA Structure

Figure 8.6: Ribose, Deoxyribose, Uracil and Thymine

Because RNA is a single strand, it does not form the characteristic helix found in DNA, but it can still fold up on itself, creating a complex 3-D structure. Figure 8.7, shows how base pair bonds can stabilize such a structure.

This 3-D structure is extremely important, because it conveys to RNA some of the properties found in proteins. RNA can regulate chemical reactions just like proteins. This is why RNA has taken center stage in most origin of life theories. RNA can store information and it can regulate chemical reactions. Nevertheless, the initial optimism for self replicating RNA molecules has largely been replaced by doubt. The reasons for the doubt will be discussed in the next two chapters.

Figure 8.7: RNA Structure Stabilized by Base Pair Bonds

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DNA, RNA and Protein

RNA Structure